Often, in the midst of the diatribes by opponents of the Supreme Court ruling on marriage equality, it is difficult to remember that the (Protestant) Bible has 31,173 verses and 807,361 words.
After all, opponents to equal marriage rights are obsessed with about six verses and a couple of hundred words whose interpretations are arguable at best.
It perpetuates an unfortunate tendency – especially in the South – by some ministers and now a few opportunistic elected officials to cherry pick verses so they can use the Bible as a club to beat up others and a crutch to rationalize their own prejudices.
It also points up the zeal in which some ministers can latch onto a few verses that they apply to gay couples while ignoring hundreds of verses that apply to themselves and heterosexuals. After all, when’s the last time you heard a sermon against divorce and usury and stoning to death of insolent teenage boys and adulterers or about death sentences for the disabled and the need for women to cover their heads?
Memories from a Certain Age
For some of us of a certain age, all of this rekindles vivid memories of ministers in many of the same pulpits in the same churches using Bible verses to assure congregations that inter-racial marriage was bad, and before that, that the Bible clearly taught the virtues of segregation.
That’s why it’s so hard for some of us to shake the opinion that many of the opponents are using Bible verses to justify opinions that they already had. For us, it’s déjà vu all over again, not to mention hypocritical, because it’s all about using a few verses out of their cultural and historical context in order to apply absolute standards of morality to other people while ignoring hundreds of other verses.
That said, for many of us, the high-profile, overheated hate speech by some ministers and elected officials is made even more aggravating because of the tendency of opponents to say they are speaking for all Christians and of the news media to use the term, Christian, as if they are referring to a monolithic group. Many of us Christians not only disagree with the narrow reading of Scripture by the far right, but we are members of denominations that reject it as well while welcoming the marriages of gay and lesbian couples because there is no demonstrable harm from them.
Most ironic of all of course is that gays and lesbians do not form some anti-religious sub-culture, but rather, most of them are Christians themselves.
Mantras Call For Context
We recognize that some people have sincere objections to same sex marriage and cite their faith as the reasons why, but we’d respect them more if they treated all Biblical directives equally and applied them all to their lives. After all, if homosexuality is such an issue of contention, why is it that Jesus never speaks about it (even when he spoke about Sodom)?
Even the mantra that the Bible teaches that “marriage is about one man and one woman” is not true. It was said that Solomon had 700 wives (not counting his concubines and sex slaves) who led him astray, and there are also verses advising a husband taking a second wife to treat her as well as his first. In addition, slavery is not abhorred and slaves were told to submit to their masters, and this clearly included submitting sexually. Even Abraham had a sex slave which he impregnated (she was previously his wife’s slave), and in addition, the Bible says that if at brother dies, you should marry your sister-in-law even if you’re already married.
Apparently, it is acceptable to ignore all of these culturally insensitive verses (even by people who aver to believe the Bible literally), but not two verses in Leviticus that are part of the “holiness code” and are regularly trotted out by the anti-marriage equality crowd. Some translations of the Bible even use the word, homosexuality, although the word was not coined until the 1800s.
But more to the point, every Bible verse requires context, and the “holiness code” in Leviticus was set out by the Israelites to demonstrate how they were different from their Egyptian and Roman neighbors. That’s why it makes just as much sense that the verses about men sleeping with men were about Roman pederasty, pagan fertility rituals, cultic male slave prostitution, and non-consensual sex.
Un-Christian Behavior
There are people who have an instinctive negative emotional reaction to homosexual sex, and that of course is their right in this country; however, while the Bible is understood through the lens of our own experiences and prejudices, that does not mean that the interpretations are historically or contextually correct.
This knowledge gap was indicated in the Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life, where people were asked 32 questions. Scoring highest were atheists and agnostics who averaged 20.9 correct answers. Jews averaged 20.5 and Mormons 20.3. Protestants meanwhile averaged only 16. To that point, scholars of all stripes agree that the story of Sodom had nothing to do with homosexuality, but the myth soldiers on in common thought like the birth of Jesus in a stable or the visitation there by the Magi.
Unfortunately, the zealots in the Tennessee Legislature don’t see it for what it is – using their most sacred Christian book to justify their very un-Christian-like behavior. These far right legislators believe that a public official should be able to refuse their public duties to same sex couples and that a business like a bakery “shouldn’t be forced to participate in a ceremony they oppose to.”
Just as taxpayers pay elected officials to do their jobs, we pay businesses for products, and neither elected officials nor businesses have a Constitutional right to discriminate against others in the public sphere. More to the point, it’s silly to conflate the selling of a cake as “participating” in a wedding.
Taken to its logical conclusion, a baker could rely on the Bible to refuse to bake a cake for a wife-to-be that can’t prove she is a virgin, pharmacists who don’t believe in abortion can refuse to fill prescriptions for the morning-after drug, a doctor can refuse to give birth control pills to a single woman, or photographers can refuse to document the wedding of a previously divorced couple.
The Real Biblical Mandate
History has a way of overtaking religious bigotry, from the Inquisition to the Crusades to slavery to the Civil Rights Movement, from bloody conversions to Christianity and Bible verses used as justifications to take people into slavery, and from anti-Semitism to Copernicus. In other words, the Bible accepts things that we condemn today and we accept behaviors that it condemns.
But one thing is certain and it is said loud and clear in Scripture. It is the mandate for us to help the poor. It is also remarkable how often that directive is ignored by the very same people who are so strident about monitoring the sexual relationships of other people.
As for us, if we’re only going to keep a few verses in mind, here are two:
* He that is without sin among you, let him first cast a stone.
* How long, ye simple ones, will ye love to be simple, and the scorners delight in their scorning, and fools hate knowledge?
You omitted Romans 1: …Therefore God gave them up in the lusts of their hearts to impurity, to the dishonoring of their bodies among themselves, because they exchanged the truth about God for a lie and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever! Amen. For this reason God gave them up to dishonorable passions. For their women exchanged natural relations for those that are contrary to nature; and the men likewise gave up natural relations with women and were consumed with passion for one another, men committing shameless acts with men and receiving in themselves the due penalty for their error.And since they did not see fit to acknowledge God, God gave them up to a debased mind to do what ought not to be done….”
It seems if certain denominations wish to approve homosexuality, they should simply do so stating their belief that the Bible reflects an antiquated point of view that they no longer avow.
Thank you. The best piece on this topic I’ve seen. Having just spent the weekend in Memphis to attend my 45th high school reunion, I had forgotten how many of my old friends were still stuck under the pulpits described in this piece. As a recovering Southern Baptist, I wish I’d had copies of this piece to share. Facebook comes in handy here. The link is also forwarded to a number of national blogs to counter the unfortunate impressions of Memphis, in particular, and Tennessee and the South, in general. Among the many verses of the King James Bible forever etched in my memory, this one seems appropriate: Ephesians 6:14-17King James Version (KJV)
14 Stand therefore, having your loins girt about with truth, and having on the breastplate of righteousness;
15 And your feet shod with the preparation of the gospel of peace;
16 Above all, taking the shield of faith, wherewith ye shall be able to quench all the fiery darts of the wicked.
17 And take the helmet of salvation, and the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God:
Great post. The point about the bible and our cultural norms is the reason I’m agnostic, and if organized religion wants to prescribe acceptable behavior so be it. However, they can’t tell me what to do, and government should regulate in a secular manner, which is what is being done in the case of same-sex “marriages”. Iran is run by the Muslim religion. Heaven help us if the U. S. is run by the Christian religion.
You are so right about public accommodation. This was settled a long time ago.
This is tough one. I believe in separation of church and state. I believe in equality. I believe the government should remain secular. As a Christian, to be honest, I don’t know exactly where I fall on this one. I truly don’t think the government should be in the business of marriage at all. To me it’s like: “Where is the separation of church & state? I view the term “marriage” in a non-secular way. At the same time, I truly don’t get why there are legal differences (taxes & benefits) in whether a person is married or not. Give equal tax advantages & benefits already.
Yet, this decision is causing some undulation as it is being tested. For example, should a judge have the right to refuse to marry a same sex couple based on his/her religious belief? It happened. There is a Judge, C. Allen McConnell of the Toledo Municipal Court. He’s an older gentleman, African American, a Civil Rights leader, and a Christian. The other day, he politely declined to marry a lesbian couple based on his religious beliefs. He deferred to his colleague to marry the couple. They were married 45 minutes later.
I don’t see anything wrong with the judge’s decision. It’s just plain old freedom of religion. Yet, the same sex couple was outraged. Are we now just stepping on each other’s freedoms? Seems like it would be a lot more simple if the government just got out of the business of marriage; and gave the same rights and privileges equally.
http://www.toledoblade.com/Courts/2015/07/08/Toledo-judge-declined-to-marry-couple-over-beliefs.html
http://canadafreepress.com/article/73642
Chatul: Our point exactly. No denomination and no church follows what the Bible says because they have already decided that some of its admonitions, directives, etc., are antiquated and lack relevance in today’s world. Verses cry out for context and history, and the people that want to use the Bible as a crutch too often lack both of those.
Liberal Protestants certainly have the right to interpret and value the Bible as they wish and to disagree with conservative churches. But that disagreement is theological. To say that Catholics, Baptists, Pentecostals, etc are inconsistent, incomplete, and use the wrong methods, context, history, etc. is ultimately a theological claim.
I find it unnerving to find on a presumably technocratic urban planning blog a theological argument in favor of state regulation of different religious believers.
If we can find room for conscientious objectors to avoid military service on grounds of free thought and conscience, surely we can tolerate wedding photographers with minority religious beliefs.
Suz,
You are most thoughtful in your reflections, and I agree the government should not be involved with marriage, which is a sacrament of all organized religions.
Government’s role is to regulate civil unions for the benefit and protection of the two partners in division of property in a “divorce”, inheritance when one dies, family rights in case of sickness/living will decisions, and other rights normally associated with marriage. Government’s requirement of a pre-marital blood test, a thing of the past, had nothing to do with religion but was for the protection of each partner.
The term marriage in now used by both government and religious institutions and that is confusing. The recent Supreme Court decision use of “marriage” related to secular protections. The Judge’s refusal to marry a same-sex couple in your example confuses me. A minister or priest’s refusal is a different matter because churches are private institutions not usually bound by public accommodation rules. But, alas we’re probably going to see a lot of lawsuits and legislation trying to thwart or support same-sex marriage.
Anonymous 4:20
This blog seems to have far-ranging thoughts on matters of culture.
And there is NO “state regulation of different religious believers.” There is equal protection for all citizens (religious and non-religious) in our constitution. What do you care if a same-sex couple gets married under the law? What freedoms will you be denied?
Anonymous 4:20: There’s no state regulation of believers. There is a fundamental misunderstanding that you can use your religion to discriminate against other people. Please see the examples in the blog post – are you willing to have all kinds of businesses making all kinds of decisions based on Bible verses that are about as practical as the ones that say the earth is flat. . It’s the Constitution that’s the Bible on this principle.
As for this blog, we have never thought of ourselves as fitting neatly into some niche. We write about a wide range of things, and we’ve written on this issue several times over the years. That’s because tolerance is a competitive advantage for cities, and it’s an area in which we need a lot of improvement. Doubling down on bias and discrimination is a race to the bottom.
Finegold Hasava:
Much appreciated.
Concerning your comment: “The Judge’s refusal to marry a same-sex couple in your example confuses me.”
Seems like Judge C. Allen McConnell was exercising the first amendment: “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof.” In my opinion, he was freely exercising his religion. At the same time, he upheld the law, by politely deferring to his colleague to marry the same-sex couple.
I had a friend who worked as a medical intern at a German hospital. She was a devout Catholic whose OBGYN work supported abortions. She tried to get out of supporting abortions with her supervisors and took a good deal of flack from them. After several weeks of back and forth, her supervisors wouldn’t relent; she couldn’t find work at any neighboring hospitals, and she thought she would have to move to another city or even country (she eventually moved to the US). Finally, someone gave her a break, and she moved to another hospital to great success.
I’m neither Catholic, particularly religious, nor a doctor, but I thought it was horrifying to see someone who had graduated from a good medical school with passion for helping others nearly shut out of her profession because of sincere religious beliefs. What a waste that would have been! Obviously, there should be restrictions on religious freedom protections; no one wants to grant tax free status to malicious cults, but I can’t imagine telling my friend that she (and the Catholic Church) interpreted the Bible wrong. For a government official or even a judge to weigh in on similar theological issues strikes me as very destabilizing especially in a twenty-first century pluralistic society.
It is terrible that so many African Americans are so homophobic. I know a lot of this starts in black churches. I’ve heard many otherwise liberal thinking black religious folk get really mean and hateful about gays and their rights, especially marriage equality. I don’t understand it.
I am dismayed at the homophobia among many African Americans towards gay people. Much of this originates in black churches. These people claim to be Christians but are very bigoted towards gays, especially so about same sex marriage. It is disgusting!